From San Francisco to Chicago to Atlanta to New York, police conduct sweeps on the street, profiling people based on race and gender identity and using vague anti-prostitution laws against “loitering with intent” to justify their arrest. Federal law enforcement agencies monitor sex workers’ online advertisements and websites, in conjunction with local law enforcement, posing as customers to conduct surveillance. They say they’re investigating trafficking, but arrest many more adult sex workers than they file trafficking charges against those who may exploit them.