Enacting a ritual requires the development of meaning. In magick, meaning develops through the use of symbols. Humans seem to do this par excellence, though we are far from the only species on the planet that uses symbols, and our lack of understanding when it comes to the consciousness of plants and other animals may prove them to be just as capable. Hear the mournful strains of a wolf’s howl, and you will know that it conveys something more than any animal behaviorist can guess.